Table 4 Studies evaluating hemp byproducts on ruminant animals
Study | Country | Byproducts | Animal | Inclusion, % DM | Evaluated parameters | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sweden | HSB | Dairy bull & calves | 12.6–20 | Performance, nutrient intake, carcass | Hessle et al. (2008) |
2 | Sweden | HSB | Beef steers | 12.6 | FA profile | Turner et al. 2008) |
3 | Sweden | HSB | Dairy cows | 14.3–31.8 | Milk production and composition | Karlsson et. (2010) |
4 | Sweden | HSB | Lambs | 21.8 | Production performance | Karlsson et al. (2011) |
5 | Sweden | HSB | Lambs | 21.8 | FA profile | Turner et al. (2012) |
6 | Croatia | HSB | Lambs | 12 | Performance, blood profile, antioxidant status | Antunović et al. (2020) |
7 | Croatia | HSB | Dairy goats | 0.6–1.2 | Milk production and FA profile | Šalavardić et al. (2021) |
8 | USA | HSB | Goats | 10–30 | Production performance, blood biochemistry, rumen fermentation | Abrahamsen et al. (2021b) |
9 | South Africa | HSB | Goats | 2.5–10 | Production performance, carcass, and meat quality | Semwogerere et al. (2023b) |
10 | Italy | HSB | Dairy cows | 4.5 | Production performance and meat quality | Nchama et al. (2022) |
11 | USA | HSB | Finishing heifers | 20 | Production performance, plasma amino acids profile | Winders et al. (2022b) |
12 | USA | HSB | Goats | 10–30 | Carcass and meat quality | Gurung et al. 2022) |
13 | USA | SHB | Lambs | 10–20 | Production performance, meat and carcass, blood biochemistry | Parker et al. (2022) |
14 | Germany | HS | Dairy cows | 8.8 | Milk production and composition, activity, cannabinoid transfer | Wagner et al. (2022) |
15 | USA | HSB | Beef steers | 20 | Rumen fermentation, nutrient utilization | Winders et al. (2023) |
16 | South Africa | HSB | Goats | 2.5–10 | Meat antioxidant quality and volatile compounds of the meat | Semwogerere et al. (2023a) |
17 | USA | SHB | Dairy cows | 13 | Milk production and quality, FA profile, nitrogen use, blood biochemistry, methane emission | Irawan et al. (2024) |
18 | China | SHB | Dairy cows | 6–10.8 | Milk production, rumen fermentation, immunity | Wang et al. (2023) |
19 | Canada | HSB | Dairy cows | 6.25–10.2 | Rumen fermentation, digestibility, and cannabinoid excretion | Addo et al. (2023a) |
20 | Canada | HSB | Dairy cows | 7.5–15 | Production performance, FA profile, cannabinoids excretion | Addo et al. (2023b) |
21 | Greece | HSB | Dairy cows | 3.5 | Milk production, milk quality, health parameters | Kalaitsidis et al. (2023) |
22 | Romania | HS | Goats | 250 g/d | Milk production, milk fatty acid, antioxidant | Mierlita et al. (2023) |
23 | Italy | HP | Goats | 250 g/d | Milk production & fatty acid | Iommelli et al. (2024) |
24 | USA | HSB | Bulls | 10 | Production and health parameters | McGovern et al. (2024) |
25 | Italy | HP | Goats | 250 g/d | Milk production & fatty acid | Amato et al. (2024) |
26 | China | HP | Goats | 5–20 | Production, rumen fermentation | Ran et al. (2024) |