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Table 5 Hypothesized influence on CBD metabolism

From: Hypothesized pharmacogenomic and medication influences on tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol metabolism in a cohort of unselected oral cannabis users

Participant

Medications: Inhibitors/Inducers

Atypical variants

Hypothesized influence on CBD metabolism

1

Fluoxetine moderate CYP2C19 inhibition

CYP2C19 PM

In this patient, one CYP pathway for CBD metabolism could be downregulated by fluoxetine.

This patient, due to their CYP2C19 PM phenotype, has a genetic predisposition to reduced CBD metabolism.

2

Diltiazem moderate inhibition of CYP3A4

CYP3A5 IM

In this patient, one CYP pathway for CBD metabolism could be downregulated by diltiazem.

This patient, due to their CYP3A5 IM phenotype, has a genetic predisposition to increased CBD metabolism.

3

Fluoxetine moderate inhibition of CYP2C19

CYP3A5 IM

In this patient, one CYP pathway for CBD metabolism could be downregulated by fluoxetine.

This patient, due to their CYP3A5 IM phenotype, has a genetic predisposition to increased CBD metabolism.

4

Diltiazem moderate inhibition of CYP3A4

CYP2C19 RM

CYP3A5 IM

In this patient, one CYP pathway for CBD metabolism could be downregulated by diltiazem.

This patient, due to their CYP2C19 RM and CYP3A5 IM phenotype, has a genetic predisposition to increased CBD metabolism.

5,6

 

CYP2C19 UM

These patients, due to their CYP2C19 UM phenotype, have a genetic predisposition to increased CBD metabolism.

7–9

 

CYP2C19 RM and CYP3A5 IM

These patients, due to their CYP2C19 RM and CYP3A5 IM phenotype, have a genetic predisposition to increased CBD metabolism.

10–16

 

CYP2C19 RM

These patients, due to their CYP2C19 RM phenotype, have a genetic predisposition to increased CBD metabolism.

17–20

 

CYP3A5 IM

These patients, due to their CYP3A5 IM phenotype, have a genetic predisposition to increased CBD metabolism.

21–32

 

CYP2C19 IM

These patients, due to their CYP2C19 IM phenotype, have a genetic predisposition to reduced CBD metabolism.

33

 

CYP2C19 IM and CYP3A4 IM-NM

This patient, due to their CYP2C19 IM and CYP3A4 IM-NM phenotype, has a genetic predisposition to reduced CBD metabolism.

34,35

 

CYP2C19 IM-NM

These patients, due to their CYP2C19 IM-NM phenotype, have a genetic predisposition to reduced CBD metabolism.

36,37

 

CYP2C19 IM-NM and CYP3A4 IM-NM

These patients, due to their CYP2C19 IM and CYP3A4 IM-NM phenotype, have a genetic predisposition to reduced CBD metabolism.

38,39

 

CYP3A4 IM-NM

These patients, due to their CYP3A4 IM-NM phenotype, have a genetic predisposition to reduced CBD metabolism.

40

Carbamazepine strong induction of CYP3A4

 

In this patient, one CYP pathway for CBD metabolism could be upregulated by carbamazepine.

41

Fluconazole strong inhibition of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4

 

In this patient, one CYP pathway for CBD metabolism could be downregulated by fluconazole.

42

Diltiazem moderate inhibition of CYP3A4

 

In this patient, one CYP pathway for CBD metabolism could be downregulated by diltiazem.

43

Fluoxetine moderate inhibition of CYP2C19

 

In this patient, one CYP pathway for CBD metabolism could be downregulated by fluoxetine.

44–71

N/A

 

These patients had no medication or gene interactions that could alter CBD metabolism.

  1. Abbreviations: CBD cannabidiol, IM intermediate metabolizer, IM-NM intermediate to normal metabolizer, N/A not applicable, PM poor metabolizer, RM rapid metabolizer, UM ultrarapid metabolizer