Table 2 History of pain and medication consumption

Medication use

 Over-the-counter drugs

Never

18.1% (88)

18.1% (26)

0.53

Sometimes

59% (286)

53.5% (77)

Daily

22.9% (111)

28.5% (41)

 Prescription NSAIDs

Never

55.1% (267)

49.3% (71)

0.55

Sometimes

31.3% (152)

34% (49)

Daily

13.6% (66)

16.7% (24)

 Muscle relaxants

Never

72.2% (350)

62.5% (90)

0.002

Sometimes

26.6% (129)

29.2% (42)

Daily

1.2% (6)

8.3% (12)

 Narcotic/opioid pain medications

Never

75.7% (367)

53.5% (77)

0.002

Sometimes

17.3% (84)

23.6% (34)

Daily

7% (34)

22.9% (33)

 Antidepressants

Never

84.5% (410)

71.5% (103)

0.002

Sometimes

4.1% (20)

4.9% (7)

Daily

11.3% (55)

23.6% (34)

 Neuroleptics

Never

86.2% (418)

78.5% (113)

0.09

Sometimes

6.6% (32)

7.6% (11)

Daily

7.2% (35)

13.9% (20)

 Tricyclic antidepressants (for nerve pain)

Never

95.5% (463)

88.9% (128)

0.02

Sometimes

1.9% (9)

6.2% (9)

Daily

2.7% (13)

4.9% (7)

MSK pain

 Body region for which respondent is seeking treatment

Upper extremity

33.8% (164)

25% (36)

0.002

Lower extremity

45.6% (221)

32.6% (47)

Spine

20.6% (100)

42.4% (61)

 Specific part of the body for which respondent is seeking treatment

Shoulder(s)

21.9% (106)

13.2% (19)

0.003

Elbow(s)

3.1% (15)

4.2% (6)

Hip(s)

2.5% (12)

3.5% (5)

Knee(s)

26.8% (130)

18.1% (26)

Foot/feet

16.3% (79)

11.1% (16)

Ankle(s)

8% (39)

6.9% (10)

Wrist(s)

0.4% (2)

0% (0)

Hand(s)

0.4% (2)

0.7% (1)

Neck

2.9% (14)

5.6% (8)

Mid back

4.1% (20)

6.9% (10)

Low back

13.6% (66)

29.9% (43)

 Total number of painful areas reported

—

2.96 ± 1.99

3.81 ± 2.31

<0.001

 Ever visited a pain clinic/pain specialist

Yes, currently

18.3% (85)

33.1% (47)

0.003

Yes, in the past

19.1% (89)

19.7% (28)

Never

62.6% (291)

47.2% (67)

Not reported

— (20)

— (2)

 For how long have you had MSK pain?

3-6 months

9.9% (48)

3.5% (5)

0.003

6-12 months

12.6% (61)

4.9% (7)

1-2 years

16.4% (79)

11.1% (16)

2-5 years

20.3% (98)

20.8% (30)

5-10 years

16.6% (80)

25% (36)

≥10 years

24.2% (117)

34.7% (50)

Not reported

— (2)

0% (0)